Acme Transformer Selection, How to select an Acme Transformer

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How to select an Acme Transformer
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How to select an Acme Transformer:
Single Phase Loads • Three Phase Loads

SINGLE PHASE LOADS

1) Determine electrical load
A. Voltage required by load.
B. Amperes or KVA capacity required by load.
C. Frequency in Hz (cycles per second).
D. Verify load is designed to operate on a single phase supply.

All of the above information is standard data normally obtained from equipment nameplates or instruction manuals.

2) Determine supply voltage
A. Voltage of supply (source).
B. Frequency in Hz (cycles per second).

The frequency of the line supply and electrical load must be the same. Select single phase transformer designed to operate at this frequency, having a primary (input) equal to the supply voltage and a secondary (output) equal to the voltage required by the load.

3) If the load nameplate expresses a rating in KVA, a transformer can be directly selected from the charts in the Acme Catalog. Choose from a group of transformers with primary and secondary voltages matching those you have just determined.

A. Select a transformer with a standard KVA capacity equal to or greater than that needed to operate the load.

B. Primary taps are available on most models to compensate for line voltage variations. (Refer to question #2 in the Transformer Question and Answer section of Acme's Marketplace.)

C. When load ratings are given only in ampers, the following formulas may be used to determine proper KVA size for the required transformer.

(1) To determine KVA when volts and ampers are known: KVA = Volts x Amps /1000

(2) To determine Ampers when KVA and volts are known: Amps= KVA x 1000 /Volts

Single Phase Example
Question:

Select a transformer to meet the following conditions. Load is single phase lighting using incandescent lamps. Each fixture requires 1.3 amps 120 volts, 1 phase, 60 Hz, power factor of unity. The installation requires 52-100 watt fixtures. The desired circuit distributing power to the light fixtures is 120/240 volt, three wire, single phase. The supply voltage is 460 volt, 3 phase.

Answer: Compute the KVA required.

.156 KVA= 1.3 amps x 120 volts /1000

Always use amps x volts to compute VA, never use lamp wattage .156 KVA/Fixture x 52 fixture = 8.11 KVA. The two sizes (KVA) nearest 8.11 KVA are 7.5 KVA and 10 KVA. Use the 10 KVA. This will not overload the transformer and allows some capacity, 1.89 KVA, for future loads. Since the supply is 460 V (not 480 V) use the 456 V tap. This will produce approximately 120 volts on output. If the tap is not used, the output will be 115 V compared to the desired 120 V. Note the transformer selected is single phase but the supply is 480 V, 3 phase. Single phase is obtained by using any wires of the 3 phase supply.

Three Phase Loads

1) Determine electrical load
A. Voltage required by load.
B. Amperes or KVA required by load.
C. Frequency in Hz (cycles per second).
D. Verify load is designed to operate on three phase.

All the above information is standard data normally obtained from equipment nameplates or instruction manuals.

2) Determine supply voltage
A. Voltage of supply (source).
B. Frequency in Hz (cycles per second).

The frequency of the line supply and electrical load must be the same. A three phase transformer is selected which is designed to operate at this frequency having a primary (input) equal to the supply voltage and a secondary (output) equal to the voltage required by the load.

3) If the load nameplate expresses a rating in KVA, a transformer can be directly selected from the charts in the catalog. Choose from the group of transformers with primary and secondary voltages matching that which you have just determined.

A. Select a transformer with a standard KVA capacity equal to or greater than that needed to operate the load.

B. Primary taps are available on most models to compensate for line voltage variations. (Refer to question #2 in the Transformer Question and Answer Section of Acme's marketplace.

C. When load ratings are given only in amperes, the following formulas below may be used to determine proper KVA size for the required transformer.

(1) To determine three phase KVA when volts and ampers are known:
Three Phase KVA =Volts x Amps x 1.73 /1000

(2) To determine Amperes when KVA and volts are known: Amps = 3 Phase KVA x 1000 /Volts x 1.73

Three Phase Example
Question:

Select a transformer to fulfill the following conditions. Load is a three phase induction motor, 25 horsepower @ 240 volts, 60 Hz and a heater load of 4 kilowatts @ 240 volts single phase. The supply voltage is 480Y/277, three phase, 4 wire.

Answer: Compute the KVA required.
28.2 KVA =240 volts x 68 amps x 1.73 /1000
Heater - 4 KVA

A three phase transformer must be selected so that any one phase is not overloaded. Each phase should have the additional 4 KVA rating required by the heater even though the heater will operate on one phase only. So, the transformer should have a minimum KVA rating of 28.2 - 4 + 4 + 4 or 40.2 KVA.

A 480 delta primary - 240 delta secondary transformer may be used on a 4 wire, 480Y/277 volt supply. The fourth wire (neutral) is not Connected to the transformer. To not overload the transformer, a 45 KVA transformer should be selected.

NOTE: Any two wires of the 240 volts, 3 phase developed by the secondary of the transformer may be used to supply the heater. Any 2 wires of a 3 phase system is single phase.

For a free copy of the Acme transformer catalog ATD-01 which contains complete product specifications and part: numbers, call us.

We also has a staff of technical people trained to answer your most difficult transformer application and selection questions. You can contact technical services at 1-510-490-2187. For further reference, the Acme marketplace contains a section on the most frequently asked transformer application questions and their answers (including buck boost transformers).

To receive a copy of Acme's full line catalogs, call us 1-510-490-2187.

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2. We Accept Visa, Discover American Express, Master Card.	3. We'll ship your order to you asap.
	or
We also accept Wire Transfer, Money Orders, etc.	And by other professional trucking companies.